Pakistan Witnesses Hottest November Ever

November 2024 marked the warmest November ever recorded in Pakistan, with temperatures averaging 2.89°C above normal, as reported by the Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD).

Record-Breaking Temperatures

• The national mean temperature for the month was 20.75°C, significantly exceeding the country’s average of 17.87°C, breaking the previous record of 19.87°C set in 2011 over the last 64 years.
• Daytime maximum temperatures averaged 28.05°C, 2.13°C higher than the normal of 25.92°C, making it the second warmest on record after 28.09°C in 2007.
• Nighttime minimum temperatures averaged 13.40°C, surpassing the previous high of 12.22°C in 2011, with a notable +4.07°C anomaly compared to the average of 9.33°C.

Extreme Weather Highlights

• Hottest Day: Turbat, Balochistan, recorded a scorching 41.0°C on November 3.
• Warmest Location: Mithi, Sindh, had the highest mean monthly maximum temperature at 35.5°C.
• Coldest Night: Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan, experienced a low of -6.6°C on November 28.
• Coolest Location: Skardu also recorded the lowest mean monthly minimum temperature at -0.9°C.

Rainfall Statistics

• National rainfall for November was 5.6mm, close to average, with a slight +8% anomaly.
• Heaviest Single-Day Rainfall: Khuzdar, Balochistan, recorded 54.3mm on November 30.
• Wettest Location: Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, received a total of 110.0mm during the month.

Global Weather Patterns

• The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) showed a further shift toward La Niña, with central equatorial Pacific Ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) around -0.6°C, expected to decline further.
• The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) remained inclined toward a negative phase, contributing to regional climate anomalies.

This exceptional warmth underscores significant climatic variations and the growing impact of global weather patterns on Pakistan’s climate.