The National Institute of Health (NIH) has issued a health advisory warning of a sharp rise in respiratory and cardiac illnesses as dense smog spreads from this month through February.
The institute said toxic pollutants combined with cold weather could severely affect public health, especially among children, the elderly, and people with pre-existing conditions.
According to the NIH, smog can trigger pneumonia and other respiratory complications as harmful particles mix with low winter temperatures. The advisory noted that smog harms public health, the economy, and overall quality of life.
The NIH said citizens may face breathing problems, heart issues, and increased exposure to dangerous pollutants during the smog season.
Lahore, Multan, Gujranwala, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad are at particularly high risk, with Lahore identified as the most polluted city requiring urgent precautions.
The advisory urged healthcare institutions, local authorities, and environmental experts to take immediate measures to reduce smog-related risks.
It is recommended that children limit outdoor activities and that all residents in affected areas use protective masks when outside.
The NIH stressed that preventive steps are essential as the country prepares for months of severe smog and declining air quality.
