The Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD) has forecast above-average temperatures across much of the country from July to September, warning of increased risks of flooding, landslides, glacier melt and heat-related hazards.
According to the seasonal outlook, Balochistan, Punjab and southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa are likely to experience temperatures above normal levels.
At the same time, Gilgit-Baltistan, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, and northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa may receive normal to slightly above-normal rainfall.
The PMD warned that heavier rainfall in mountainous regions could trigger flash floods and landslides, while rising river flows and reservoir levels may increase flood risks during the season.
In major urban centres of Sindh, Punjab, Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, intense rainfall could also cause urban flooding in low-lying areas.
The department further cautioned that rising temperatures in Gilgit-Baltistan, upper Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Kashmir may accelerate glacier melt and raise the risk of glacial lake outburst floods.
In contrast, below-average rainfall in parts of Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan could create water shortages for Kharif crops and increase irrigation needs.
The report also highlighted the possibility of strong winds, dust storms, thunderstorms and hailstorms that may damage crops and orchards.
Periodic heatwave conditions are expected to intensify, especially in southern Punjab and the plains of Sindh, while prolonged warm and humid weather may increase the spread of mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue.
The PMD has advised people to avoid extended outdoor exposure during peak daytime hours, stay hydrated, and take precautions against extreme weather.
Farmers and tourists have also been urged to remain alert and prepare for possible disruptions during the season.
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