Chinese Scientists Create Glow-in-the-Dark Plants Using Firefly Genes

Scientists in China have developed genetically engineered plants that glow in the dark by transferring light-producing genes from fireflies and luminous fungi into plant cells.

The breakthrough was achieved using advanced gene-editing technology, enabling plants to produce a soft natural glow at night without any external power source.

Researchers say the innovation could reshape urban lighting, tourism, and sustainable city design.

So far, scientists have successfully engineered more than 20 plant species, including orchids, sunflowers, and chrysanthemums, to emit visible light after dark.

The project was led by Dr. Li Renhan, founder of the biotechnology company Magicpen Bio and a graduate of China Agricultural University.

Inspired by childhood memories of watching fireflies in rural areas, Li began exploring whether their natural bioluminescence could be reproduced in plants.

Researchers recently demonstrated the glowing plants at the Zhongguancun Forum, where visitors observed flowers producing light naturally without electricity.

According to Li, the technology could help illuminate parks, gardens, and public spaces while reducing energy consumption. Because the plants only require water and nutrients to survive, they could offer an environmentally friendly lighting alternative.

Scientists also believe the technology has broader scientific applications. Similar genetic techniques already allow researchers to track disease development at the cellular level, which can support drug discovery and medical research.

In agriculture, gene editing has also helped develop new rice varieties resistant to multiple pests, a step experts say could strengthen global food security.

Researchers believe glowing plants may eventually play a role in sustainable urban landscapes, combining biotechnology with eco-friendly design to create naturally illuminated environments.